IQ-skillnader mellan kvinnor och män

Roman Empire (late stages)

As the empire weakened, women, especially from elite classes, gained more visibility in public life. This included involvement in religious and social reforms.

Qing Dynasty (China, late 19th-early 20th century)

Amidst internal revolutions, foreign invasions, and economic challenges, feminist movements emerged, advocating for greater rights, education, and opportunities for women.

Soviet Union (1980s-1990s)

During the collapse of the Soviet Union, women saw greater opportunities in the workforce and leadership roles, paralleling the political and economic turmoil of the time.

French Revolution (late 18th century)

The revolution marked significant changes in gender roles, with women engaging in political activism, such as advocating for the right to vote and participating in public demonstrations.

Weimar Republic (Germany, 1919-1933)

As the Weimar Republic struggled with political instability and economic hardship, women gained more social and political rights, including the right to vote and increased representation in the workforce.

Ancient Greece (post-Alexander the Great)

Following the collapse of the classical Greek city-state system, women in certain areas like Sparta experienced more independence and public roles compared to more conservative regions like Athens.

The Ottoman Empire (19th century)

As the empire began to weaken, movements advocating for women's rights, particularly in education and social participation, emerged, although these changes were often gradual.

However, contrary to what is widely cited, there is an overwhelmingly large number of studies where women have a slightly lower mean IQ compared to men, a difference of 1.8–5.0 points depending on the study.

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The reason why there are studies pointing towards no differences in average IQ between the sexes, but a greater dispersion for men, or even a slight difference in favor of women, is that girls tend to enter puberty at a younger age than boys. When that factor is accounted for, or the study involves only adults, one finds a consistent small male advantage in the mean, which translates into a much higher proportion of men at the upper tail of the distribution and a lower proportion at the lower end.

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I have recently compiled some data on the IQs of some 3,596 adults (aged 18+ years) in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, finding that, in spite of there being no difference between the sexes in terms of age and level of education, the mean for men was 103.3 and for women 99.8, a 3.5 point difference which is consistent with the aforementioned studies.

This research explores Tannen’s original idea of report and rapport talk on gendered communication under a more modern context by investigating the conversational styles of college students aged 18-25. While previous research conducted by Tannen mainly utilized qualitative observational case studies, this research gathered quantitative data on gendered patterns in a conversational style by conducting surveys on 72 participants and 3 observational studies with detailed conversational data recorded. The research findings from both categories indicate that women’s conversational styles approach rapport talk more frequently by communicating with a tentative communication style and empathetic tone and topics surrounding personal experience. On the other hand, men approach report talk by using an assertive communication style, with conversation topics surrounding their own expertise and factual information.