KvalitetsmålKravet definierar en kvalitetsnivå. Det finns inget krav om att avhandling eller del av avhandling ska publiceras i "vetenskaplig tidskrift av god internationell kvalitet", som du påstod tidigare.
KTH har som kvalitetsmål att doktorsavhandlingar ska ligga på en sådan nivå att de uppfyller rimligt ställda krav för att kunna antas till publicering i en vetenskaplig tidskrift av god internationell kvalitet och att en licentiatuppsats ska ligga på en sådan nivå att den kan ingå som en del i en sammanläggningsavhandling för doktorsexamen.
Abstracthttps://www.nature.com/articles/nature25450
Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) remains one of the most important unknowns in climate change science. ECS is defined as the global mean warming that would occur if the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration were instantly doubled and the climate were then brought to equilibrium with that new level of CO2. Despite its rather idealized definition, ECS has continuing relevance for international climate change agreements, which are often framed in terms of stabilization of global warming relative to the pre-industrial climate. However, the ‘likely’ range of ECS as stated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has remained at 1.5–4.5 degrees Celsius for more than 25 years1. The possibility of a value of ECS towards the upper end of this range reduces the feasibility of avoiding 2 degrees Celsius of global warming, as required by the Paris Agreement. Here we present a new emergent constraint on ECS that yields a central estimate of 2.8 degrees Celsius with 66 per cent confidence limits (equivalent to the IPCC ‘likely’ range) of 2.2–3.4 degrees Celsius. Our approach is to focus on the variability of temperature about long-term historical warming, rather than on the warming trend itself. We use an ensemble of climate models to define an emergent relationship2 between ECS and a theoretically informed metric of global temperature variability. This metric of variability can also be calculated from observational records of global warming3, which enables tighter constraints to be placed on ECS, reducing the probability of ECS being less than 1.5 degrees Celsius to less than 3 per cent, and the probability of ECS exceeding 4.5 degrees Celsius to less than 1 per cent."
"January 2018: Worst-case global warming scenarios not credible: StudyEn ren lögn eller bara vilseledande? Döm själv, men jag skulle nog kalla det en lögn, men gardera med grovt vilseledande.
PARIS (AFP) – Earth’s surface will almost certainly not warm up four or five degrees Celsius by 2100, according to a study released Wednesday (Jan 17) which, if correct, voids worst-case UN climate change predictions.
A revised calculation of how greenhouse gases drive up the planet’s temperature reduces the range of possible end-of-century outcomes by more than half, researchers said in the report, published in the journal Nature."
Vanliga klimatförnekarlögner:Jag väntar med spänning, men kommer inte att hålla andan under tiden...
– Det finns ingen växthuseffekt.
– CO2 är inte en växthusgas.
– Jorden blir inte varmare.
– Ökad halt CO2 förstärker inte växthuseffekten.
– Mer CO2 i atmosfären har bara fördelar och inga nackdelar.
Vad vinner du med det? Mer nederbörd blir det enligt forskningen. Och som du vet är Sverige väldigt långt. Barmark i söder är ganska vanligt.
Varken kärnkraften eller förnyelsebara energikällor byggs ut i den takt som behövs för att vi
ska få bort de fossila utsläppen och klara klimatmålen, säger Laura Cozzi, chef för energianalyser på IEA, internationella energirådet.
Varken kärnkraften eller förnyelsebara energikällor byggs ut i den takt som behövs för att vi
ska få bort de fossila utsläppen och klara klimatmålen, säger Laura Cozzi, chef för energianalyser på IEA, internationella energirådet.
UAH Global Temperature Update for December 2018: +0.25 deg. Chttp://www.drroyspencer.com/2019/01/uah-global-temperature-update-for-december-2018-0-25-deg-c/
January 2nd, 2019 by Roy W. Spencer, Ph. D.
2018 was 6th Warmest Year Globally of Last 40 Years
The Version 6.0 global average lower tropospheric temperature (LT) anomaly for December, 2018 was +0.25 deg. C, down a little from +0.28 deg. C in November:
http://www.drroyspencer.com/wp-content/uploads/UAH_LT_1979_thru_December_2018_v6.jpg
Global area-averaged lower tropospheric temperature anomalies (departures from 30-year calendar monthly means, 1981-2010). The 13-month centered average is meant to give an indication of the lower frequency variations in the data; the choice of 13 months is somewhat arbitrary… an odd number of months allows centered plotting on months with no time lag between the two plotted time series. The inclusion of two of the same calendar months on the ends of the 13 month averaging period causes no issues with interpretation because the seasonal temperature cycle has been removed, and so has the distinction between calendar months.
Various regional LT departures from the 30-year (1981-2010) average for the last 24 months are:
YEAR MO GLOBE NHEM. SHEM. TROPIC USA48 ARCTIC AUST
2017 01 +0.33 +0.32 +0.35 +0.11 +0.28 +0.95 +1.22
2017 02 +0.39 +0.58 +0.20 +0.08 +2.16 +1.33 +0.22
2017 03 +0.23 +0.37 +0.10 +0.06 +1.22 +1.24 +0.98
2017 04 +0.28 +0.29 +0.27 +0.22 +0.90 +0.23 +0.40
2017 05 +0.45 +0.40 +0.50 +0.42 +0.11 +0.21 +0.06
2017 06 +0.22 +0.34 +0.10 +0.40 +0.51 +0.10 +0.34
2017 07 +0.29 +0.31 +0.28 +0.51 +0.61 -0.27 +1.03
2017 08 +0.41 +0.41 +0.42 +0.47 -0.54 +0.49 +0.78
2017 09 +0.55 +0.52 +0.58 +0.54 +0.30 +1.06 +0.60
2017 10 +0.64 +0.67 +0.60 +0.48 +1.22 +0.83 +0.86
2017 11 +0.36 +0.34 +0.39 +0.27 +1.36 +0.68 -0.12
2017 12 +0.42 +0.50 +0.33 +0.26 +0.45 +1.37 +0.36
2018 01 +0.26 +0.46 +0.06 -0.11 +0.59 +1.36 +0.43
2018 02 +0.20 +0.25 +0.16 +0.04 +0.92 +1.19 +0.18
2018 03 +0.25 +0.40 +0.10 +0.07 -0.32 -0.33 +0.60
2018 04 +0.21 +0.32 +0.11 -0.12 -0.00 +1.02 +0.69
2018 05 +0.18 +0.41 -0.05 +0.03 +1.93 +0.18 -0.39
2018 06 +0.21 +0.38 +0.04 +0.12 +1.20 +0.83 -0.55
2018 07 +0.32 +0.43 +0.22 +0.29 +0.51 +0.29 +1.37
2018 08 +0.19 +0.22 +0.17 +0.13 +0.07 +0.09 +0.26
2018 09 +0.15 +0.15 +0.14 +0.24 +0.88 +0.21 +0.19
2018 10 +0.22 +0.31 +0.13 +0.34 +0.25 +1.11 +0.39
2018 11 +0.28 +0.27 +0.30 +0.50 -1.13 +0.69 +0.53
2018 12 +0.25 +0.32 +0.19 +0.32 +0.20 +0.65 +1.19
Polar Portal Season Report 2018http://polarportal.dk/fileadmin/user_upload/polarportal-saesonrapport-2018-EN.pdf
Unusual weather resulted in an atypical melting season in the Arctic
The 2017-18 season in the Arctic has once again been extraordinary. A cold summer with high levels of precipitation has benefitted the Ice Sheet, whilst glaciers have continued the development seen during the last six years in which they have more or less maintained their area. The sea ice, on the other hand, has been more vulnerable, with high sea temperatures and warm winds leading to a large area north of Greenland being ice-free in two separate periods – February and August respectively.
William Owuraku Aidoo, Ghanas minister för energi och bränsle, sade efter mötet med Nyarko att kärnkraft inte var så farligt som det tidigare framstått för allmänheten, och uppmanade till en förändrad syn på kärnkraft.
I sin senaste rapport rekommenderar FN:s klimatpanel världens länder att bygga nya kärnkraftsverk för att klara klimatmålet.
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