En gammal men bra debatt frn 90-talet (inte lngt fre Sagan dog), om frekomsten av hgre intelligens och civilisationer ute i universum, av tv framstende akademiker:
The Abundance of Life-Bearing Planets
(This originally appeared in The Bioastronomy News, vol. 7, no. 4, 1995.)
By Carl Sagan
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~pine/sagan.html
Det r mycket text s jag lter bli att posta sjlva texten, och ni fr lsa sjlva. Men vem tycker ni hade bst argument?
Personligen menar jag att Sagan krde p standard kvantitet fre kvalitet argumentet, "det finns s mnga stjrnor och planeter drute", vilket inte sger s mycket. Mayr andra sidan hll sig visserligen till jorden som referensram, men hans argument fr hgre intelligens br nog hlla ganska stabilt runt om i universum dr det eventuellt kan finnas liv, med tanke p att liv rent generellt r ovanligt och hg intelligens verkligen krver komplicerad evolution av hjrnor, vilket som vi vet hr p jorden inte bara sker hur som helst.
Mayr vann den hr debatten ganska avgrande. Debatten gde rum eftersom Sagan frskte rttfrdiga bidrag till SETI eller ngot liknande, medan Mayr tyckte att SETI var slseri p pengar. Jag hller visserligen inte med om att SETI br skrotas eller s, men tillsvidare r det nog ett ganska fruktlst projekt.
Hur som helst, Noam Chomsky har dragit sina egna tolkningar av den hr debatten p senare r, att intelligens r en "lethal mutation", och Chomsky argumenterar utifrn environmentalism:
The Abundance of Life-Bearing Planets
(This originally appeared in The Bioastronomy News, vol. 7, no. 4, 1995.)
By Carl Sagan
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~pine/sagan.html
Det r mycket text s jag lter bli att posta sjlva texten, och ni fr lsa sjlva. Men vem tycker ni hade bst argument?
Personligen menar jag att Sagan krde p standard kvantitet fre kvalitet argumentet, "det finns s mnga stjrnor och planeter drute", vilket inte sger s mycket. Mayr andra sidan hll sig visserligen till jorden som referensram, men hans argument fr hgre intelligens br nog hlla ganska stabilt runt om i universum dr det eventuellt kan finnas liv, med tanke p att liv rent generellt r ovanligt och hg intelligens verkligen krver komplicerad evolution av hjrnor, vilket som vi vet hr p jorden inte bara sker hur som helst.
Mayr vann den hr debatten ganska avgrande. Debatten gde rum eftersom Sagan frskte rttfrdiga bidrag till SETI eller ngot liknande, medan Mayr tyckte att SETI var slseri p pengar. Jag hller visserligen inte med om att SETI br skrotas eller s, men tillsvidare r det nog ett ganska fruktlst projekt.
Hur som helst, Noam Chomsky har dragit sina egna tolkningar av den hr debatten p senare r, att intelligens r en "lethal mutation", och Chomsky argumenterar utifrn environmentalism:
ILL BEGIN with an interesting debate that took place some years ago between Carl Sagan, the well-known astrophysicist, and Ernst Mayr, the grand old man of American biology. They were debating the possibility of finding intelligent life elsewhere in the universe. And Sagan, speaking from the point of view of an astrophysicist, pointed out that there are innumerable planets just like ours. There is no reason they shouldnt have developed intelligent life. Mayr, from the point of view of a biologist, argued that its very unlikely that well find any. And his reason was, he said, we have exactly one example: Earth. So lets take a look at Earth.Det mrks att Chomsky inte r evolutionsbiolog och att han r ngot ute och cyklar i den hr frgan (det finns frre dggdjur osv med hgre intelligens n vad det finns bakterier och skalbaggar eftersom dggdjur dels r ett mycket nyare slkte och dels eftersom vi har s mycket hgre energifrbrukning n bakterier), men Chomsky har onekligen en bra pong i det han sger, och det hr till tidsandan att vrda miljn och avskaffa krnvapen osv.
And what he basically argued is that intelligence is a kind of lethal mutation. And he had a good argument. He pointed out that if you take a look at biological success, which is essentially measured by how many of us are there, the organisms that do quite well are those that mutate very quickly, like bacteria, or those that are stuck in a fixed ecological niche, like beetles. They do fine. And they may survive the environmental crisis. But as you go up the scale of what we call intelligence, they are less and less successful. By the time you get to mammals, there are very few of them as compared with, say, insects. By the time you get to humans, the origin of humans may be 100,000 years ago, there is a very small group. We are kind of misled now because there are a lot of humans around, but thats a matter of a few thousand years, which is meaningless from an evolutionary point of view. His argument was, youre just not going to find intelligent life elsewhere, and you probably wont find it here for very long either because its just a lethal mutation. He also added, a little bit ominously, that the average life span of a species, of the billions that have existed, is about 100,000 years, which is roughly the length of time that modern humans have existed.
With the environmental crisis, were now in a situation where we can decide whether Mayr was right or not. If nothing significant is done about it, and pretty quickly, then he will have been correct: human intelligence is indeed a lethal mutation. Maybe some humans will survive, but it will be scattered and nothing like a decent existence, and well take a lot of the rest of the living world along with us.
Human intelligence and the environment:
https://chomsky.info/20100930/
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Senast redigerad av EliasAlucard 2020-06-02 kl. 17:50.
Senast redigerad av EliasAlucard 2020-06-02 kl. 17:50.