Skall man få välja vem man donerar organ till eller får organ från?

Eller snarare biologisk, då du drar iväg med vad det finns för möjliga och inte möjliga biologiska skillnader.

Återigen. Folk ser ras som ett begrepp som är värt att ta hänsyn till, och jag är övertygad om att folks åsikter om vad folk tillhör har större betydelse, än dit biologiska dravel.

Organ transplantation raises difficult ethical questions about people’s claims to determine what happens to their bodies before and after death. What are these claims? What would it be to respect them? How should they fit with the claims of organ donors’ families or the needs of people whose own organs have failed? And then how should organs be allocated? Who should get priority and why? As with other topics in applied ethics, satisfactory answers require knowing the relevant facts, in this case about organ transplantation.

Organ donation is founded on the pillars of altruism. When the moral value of an individual’s actions are focused mainly on the beneficial impact to other individuals, without regard to the consequences on the individual herself, the individual’s actions are regarded as “Altruistic”. Auguste Comte[1] coined the word “Altruism” (French, altruisme, from autrui: “other people”, and also derived from Latin alter: “other”). He was the French founder of positivism and described his views in Catéchisme Positiviste[2], where living for others was “Altruism”. Altruism can be classified into two types-obligatory and supererogatory. Obligatory altruism is defined as a moral duty to help others. Supererogatory altruism is defined as morally good, but it is not morally required-going “above and beyond” one’s duty. The act that maximizes good consequences for all of society is known as utilitarianism[3].

Altruistic behavior and happiness are reciprocal in nature. In fact, neuroscientists have found neural bases for altruism[4]. With functional magnetic resonance imaging, it has been shown that the subgenual cortex/septal region, which is intimately related to social bonding and attachment, gets activated when volunteers made altruistic charitable donations[4].

The opposite of altruism is egoism[5]. Egoism is the sense of self-importance. Psychological egoists claim that each person has his/her own welfare on their priority agenda. Some form of self-interest, such as intrinsic satisfaction, ultimately motivates all acts of sharing, helping or sacrificing. Other motivating criteria are expectation of reciprocation, and/or the desire to gain respect or reputation, or by the notion of a reward in life after death.