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**Materials Needed**
- **100 g crushed Akuamma seeds**
- **Acetic acid** (e.g., white vinegar, ~5% acetic acid)
- **Sodium bicarbonate** (baking soda)
- **Water** (distilled preferred)
- **Coffee filter** (or cheesecloth)
- Containers, stirring rod, pH test strips (or indicator), drying tray.
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### **Step-by-Step Procedure**
#### **1. Acidic Extraction (Dissolving Alkaloids)**
- **Prepare acidic solution**:
Mix 500 mL of water with 50 mL of acetic acid (5% vinegar) to create a ~0.5% acetic acid solution.
- **Combine with seeds**:
Add 100 g of crushed seeds to the acidic solution. Stir vigorously for 30–60 minutes.
*Alkaloids convert to water-soluble acetate salts*.
- **Filter**:
Pour the mixture through a coffee filter. **Collect the acidic filtrate** (contains alkaloid salts). Discard the solids.
#### **2. Basification (Precipitating Alkaloids)**
- **Add sodium bicarbonate (8-9 gram)**:
Slowly add sodium bicarbonate to the acidic filtrate while stirring.
**Stop when pH reaches 8–9** (test with pH strips; effervescence occurs due to CO₂ release).
*Alkaloid salts convert to free bases, which are insoluble in water*.
- **Cool & settle**:
Refrigerate the mixture for 1–2 hours to enhance precipitation. A cloudy solution or fine particles will form.
#### **3. Collecting Crude Alkaloids**
- **Filter the precipitate**:
Pass the basified solution through a coffee filter.
**Retain the solids** on the filter (this is crude alkaloid extract).
- **Dry**:
Air-dry the filter and solids for 24 hours in a cool, dark place. Scrape off the dried material.
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### **Expected Outcome**
- **Yield**: 1–5 g of crude alkaloid extract (varies based on seed potency).
- **Purity**: Contains akuammine, akuammicine, and other alkaloids, mixed with plant impurities.
- **Form**: Brownish powder or amorphous solid with a bitter taste.