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Hur affärsupplägget såg ut vet jag inte men förmodligen var väl Marc Rich en mellanhand.
Marc Rich, the Man Who Sold Iranian Oil to Israel - Haaretz
Lite mer om Marc Rich
Marc Rich, Apartheid’s oil man: his ‘most important and most profitable’ businessWhile all of his obituaries mention his apartheid business link in passing, the regime in Pretoria may have been the single greatest source of his wealth. In the years before his death, Rich admitted that busting oil sanctions for South Africa was his company’s “most important and most profitable” business. Where others feared to do business with South Africa directly, Marc Rich was happy to step in as a middleman
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Rich
Rich was born in 1934 to a Jewish family in*Antwerp, Belgium.[5][6]*His parents were working-class[citation needed]*Jews who emigrated with their son to the United States in 1941[7]*to escape the*Nazis.[5]*His father opened a jewelry store in*Kansas City, Missouri, then moved the family to Queens, New York City in 1950, where he started a company that imported*Bengali*jute*to make burlap bags,[8]*and later started a business trading agricultural products and helped found the American Bolivian Bank.[8]*Rich attended high school at the*Rhodes Preparatory Schoolin*Manhattan. He later attended*New York University, but dropped out after one semester to go work for*Philipp Brothers*(now known as*Phibro LLC) in 1954 where he worked with*Pincus Green.
At Philipp Brothers, he eventually became a dealer in*metals, learning about the international raw materials markets and commercial trading with poor,*third-worldnations. He helped run the company's operations in Cuba, Bolivia, and Spain.[8]*In 1974 he and co-worker*Pincus Green*set up their own company in Switzerland, Marc Rich + Co. AG, which would later become Glencore Xstrata Plc.[8][9]*Nicknamed "the King of Oil" by his business partners, Rich has been said to have expanded the*spot market*for crude oil in the early 1970s, drawing business away from the larger established oil companies that had relied on traditional long-term contracts for future purchases.[3]*As Andrew Hill of the*Financial Times*put it, "Rich's key insight was that oil – and other raw materials – could be traded with less capital, and fewer assets, than the big oil producers thought, if backed by bank finance. It was this highly leveraged business model that became the template for modern traders, including Trafigura, Vitol, and Glencore".[10]
His*tutelage*under Philipp Brothers afforded Rich the opportunity to develop relationships with various dictatorial régimes and embargoed nations. Rich would later tell biographer*Daniel Ammann*that he had made his "most important and most profitable" business deals by violating international trade*embargoes*and doing business with the*apartheid*regime of South Africa.[11]*He also counted*Fidel Castro's Cuba,*Marxist Angola, the Nicaraguan*Sandinistas,*Muammar Gaddafi's Libya,*Nicolae Ceaușescu's Romania, and*Augusto Pinochet's Chile among the clients he serviced.[9][12]*According to Ammann, "he had no regrets whatsoever.... He used to say 'I deliver a service. People want to sell oil to me and other people wanted to buy oil from me. I am a businessman, not a politician."[11]
Later, following the overthrow of*Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the*Shah of Iran, during the*Iranian Revolution*in 1979, Rich used his special relationship with*Ayatollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution, to buy oil from Iran despite the American embargo. Iran would become Rich's most important supplier of crude oil for more than 15 years. Rich sold Iranian oil to Israel through a secret pipeline.[13][14][15]*Due to his good relationship with Iran and*Ayatollah Khomeini, Rich helped give*Mossad's agents contacts in Iran.[16]
His real estate company, Marc Rich Real Estate GmbH, was involved in large developer projects (e.g., in*Prague, Czech Republic).[17]Rich and*Marvin Davis*bought*20th Century Fox*in 1981. Due to the indictment filed against Rich for violating U.S. trade sanctions against his deals with*Iran*while Rich was living in
Switzerland, Rich arranged for Davis to sell Rich's interest in*20th Century Fox*to*Rupert Murdoch*for $250 million during March 1984.[18]
Business Insider*reported Rich had an estimated*net worth*of US$2.5 billion.
