2007-03-08, 18:08
#1
1. Hitler hoppades att det skulle få Japan att förklara krig mot Sovjet.Däremot verkar den tyska ledningen inte ha underskattat USAs totala krigspotential, i alla fall om man får tro en bortglömd intervju med Hermann Göring som publicerades för att tag sen. Ska se om jag kan hitta den på nätet, annars kan ni PMa mig för skannad version.
2. Tyskarna underskattade USAs förmåga att mobilisera.
3. Tyskarna underskattade grovt USA förmåga att bygga skepp och föra över soldater och materiel till Europa. De amerikanska varven byggde prefabricerade Libetyskepp på 10 dagar!
4. Tyskarna överskattade de egna ubåtarnas förmåga.
Hechler: What did you feel personally about our war potential?Nu börjar det här emellertid spåra ur. Mod kanske kan bryta ut och skapa en ny tråd?
Göring: While I, personally, was of the opinion that the United States could build an air force quicker than an army, I constantly warned of the possibilities of the U.S. with its great technical advances and economic resources.
Hechler: If you thought the United States would become so powerful, how did this relate to your own plans for waging war?
Göring: The decisive factor in 1938 was the consideration that it would take the United States several years to prepare. Its shipping tonnage at the time was not too large. I wanted Hitler to conclude the war in Europe as rapidly as possible and not get involved in Russia. Yet, on the question of whether America could build up an army on a big scale, opinions were divided. [...]
Hechler: What opinion was held by OKW [Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, or German Armed Forces High Command] and OKH [Oberkommando des Heeres, or German Army High Command]?
Göring: I don't know the opinion of OKW or OKH. I used to tell Hitler that everything depended on our not bringing the U.S. over to Europe again. I said during the Polish campaign that we must not let the United States get involved. In 1941 the issue became real, and the general opinion was that it was better to bear unpleasant incidents with the U.S. and strive to keep it out of the struggle than allow a deterioration of relations between the United States and Germany. This was our unrelenting effort. [...]
Hechler: Did Germany expect to bring its campaign in Europe to a successful conclusion before we could build up our war potential sufficiently to intervene there?
Göring: Hitler believed that he could bring matters to such a point that it would be very difficult for you to invade or intervene.
Hechler: In December 1941, what was Germany's estimate of our shipbuilding capability, which could influence the European campaign?
Göring: It was our opinion that it was on a very large scale. Roosevelt spoke of "bridges of ships" across the Atlantic and a "constant stream of planes." We fully believed him and were convinced that it was true. We also had this opinion from reports by observers in the United States. We understood your potential. On the other hand, the tempo of your shipbuilding, for example, Henry Kaiser's program, surprised and upset us. We had rather minimized the apparently exaggerated claims in this field. One spoke of these "floating coffins," Kaisersärge, that would be finished by a single torpedo. We believed most of your published production figures, but not all of them, as some seem inflated. However, since the United States had all the necessary raw materials except rubber, and many technical experts, our engineers could estimate United States production quite accurately.
At first, however, we could not believe the speed with which your Merchant Marine was growing. Claims of eight to 10 days to launch a ship seemed fantastic. Even when we realized it referred to the assembly of prefabricated parts, a mere 10 days to put it together was still unthinkable. Our shipbuilding industry was very thorough and painstaking, but very slow, disturbingly slow, in comparison. It took nine months to build a "Danube" vessel.
Hechler: Why did Germany declare war on the United States?
Göring: I was astonished when Germany declared war on the United States. We should rather have accepted a certain amount of unpleasant incidents. It was clear to us that if Roosevelt were reelected, the U.S. would inevitably make war against us. This conviction was strongly held, especially with Hitler. After Pearl Harbor, although we were not bound under our treaty with Japan to come to its aid since Japan had been the aggressor, Hitler said we were in effect at war already, with ships having been sunk or fired upon, and must soothe the Japanese. For this reason, a step was taken which we always regretted. It was unnecessary for us to accept responsibility for striking the first blow. For the same reason, we had been the butt of propaganda in 1914, when we started to fight, although we knew that within 48 hours Russia would have attacked us. I believe Hitler was convinced that as a result of the Japanese attack, the main brunt of the United States force would be brought to bear on the Far East and would not constitute such a danger for Germany. Although he never expressed it in words, it was perhaps inexpressibly bitter to him that the main force of the United States was in fact turned against Europe.
Hechler: What comments were made by Hitler during 1939-41 on the strength of the antiwar campaign in the U.S.?
Göring: Hitler spoke a great deal on the subject. These people [isolationists], he thought, had great influence, but he got this [impression] from the U.S. press and some observers in the U.S., for example, labeling Roosevelt a "warmonger." After the election of 1940, we realized that these isolationist forces were inadequate to hinder the United States' entry into the war. [...]
Hechler: Despite correct estimates of our potential, what made you think that you could emerge victorious in a war against us?
Göring: We had assessed the capacity of your air force especially well. The best engines were produced in the United States. We used to work on your engines and bought up every kind we could. Since the end of the last war, Germany had fallen behind in the air, while U.S. commercial aviation was far ahead of us. But in the beginning, we had not fully assessed the possibility of daylight bombers. Our fighters could not cope with them. When we were able to do so, there was a pause and then you sent them out with fighter escort. The Flying Fortress, for example, had more than we had anticipated. Our estimate was incorrect.
Hechler: That being so, I still don't understand why you wanted war with us.
Göring: The war was, in fact, already going on. It was only a question of form. Our declaration of war was made solely from the propaganda point of view. We would have been willing to make the most far-reaching concessions to avoid war with the United States, as such a conflict would and did prove the heaviest imaginable burden for us. But we were convinced that there was no chance to avoid war. Even if you had transported mountains of material to England, we should not have declared war, since England alone could not have carried out an invasion of Europe without your active participation.
Du måste vara medlem för att kunna kommentera
Flashback finansieras genom donationer från våra medlemmar och besökare. Det är med hjälp av dig vi kan fortsätta erbjuda en fri samhällsdebatt. Tack för ditt stöd!
Swish: 123 536 99 96 Bankgiro: 211-4106