Phonetic representation
Ayin has traditionally been described as a voiced pharyngeal fricative ([ʕ]). However, this may be imprecise. Although a pharyngeal fricative have occasionally been observed for ayin in Arabic, and so therefore may occur in Hebrew as well, the sound is more commonly epiglottal ([ʢ]),[1] and may also be a pharyngealized glottal stop ([ʔˤ]).
In some historical Sephardi pronunciations, `ayin represented a velar nasal ([ŋ]) sound, as in English singing, while in non-"Mizrahi" modern Israeli Hebrew represents a glottal stop in certain cases, but is mostly silent (that is, it behaves the same as aleph). However, often changes in adjoining vowels testify to the former presence of a pharyngeal or epiglottal articulation.
In Yiddish, the ‘Áyin is used as a vowel, rather than a consonant, and represents /e/.
Ayin is also one of the three letters that can take a vowel at the end of a word, and the vowel it takes is chataf patach.
[edit] Transliteration
In Hebrew transliteration, the letter Ayin may be transliterated <`>. In Greek and Latin it was sometimes represented as <g>, since the biblical phonemes /ʕ/ (or "`") and /ʁ/ (represented by "g") were both represented in Hebrew writing by the letter ayin (see Ġayn). Because of this, we get Gomorrah from the original /ʁamora/ (modern `Amora) and Gaza from the original /ʁazza/ (`Aza), which eventually gave us the English word gauze.
[edit] Significance
In gematria, ayin represents the number 70.
Ayin is also one of the seven letters which receive a special crown (called a tagin) when written in a Sefer Torah. See Shin, Gimmel, Teth, Nun, Zayin, and Tzadi.
[edit] Arabic ʿayn
The Arabic ʿayn is written is several ways depending in its position in the word:
Position
Isolated Initial Medial Final
ع عـ ـعـ ـع
As in Hebrew, the letter originally stood for two sounds, the other being /ʁ/. When pointing was developed, ghayin was distinguished with a dot.
[edit] Pronunciation
ʿAyn is one of the most common letters in Arabic, and one of the most notoriously difficult letters for Western learners to pronounce. One piece of advice for people trying to make the ayin sound is to "sing the lowest possible note, then one lower".
Arabic ayin ranges from a pharyngeal [ʕ] to an epiglottal [ʢ], with the latter being more common.[1] However, this may be imprecise. As in Hebrew, the sound is often not a fricative at all, but either an epiglottal stop [ʡ] or a pharyngealized glottal stop [ʔˤ].
Because the sound is so difficult for most non-Arabs to pronounce, it is often used as a shibboleth by Arabic-speakers; other sounds, such as Ḥa and Ḍād are also used, typically with speakers of other Semitic languages or other dialects of Arabic. (Most Hebrew-speakers should be able to pronounce ʿayn, and Mizrahi Jews and speakers of the Ethiopic languages can typically pronounce Ḥa, but Ḍad appears to be unique to a few dialects of Arabic).
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Hur skall egentligen Aiyin uttalas?
Ayin has traditionally been described as a voiced pharyngeal fricative ([ʕ]). However, this may be imprecise. Although a pharyngeal fricative have occasionally been observed for ayin in Arabic, and so therefore may occur in Hebrew as well, the sound is more commonly epiglottal ([ʢ]),[1] and may also be a pharyngealized glottal stop ([ʔˤ]).
In some historical Sephardi pronunciations, `ayin represented a velar nasal ([ŋ]) sound, as in English singing, while in non-"Mizrahi" modern Israeli Hebrew represents a glottal stop in certain cases, but is mostly silent (that is, it behaves the same as aleph). However, often changes in adjoining vowels testify to the former presence of a pharyngeal or epiglottal articulation.
In Yiddish, the ‘Áyin is used as a vowel, rather than a consonant, and represents /e/.
Ayin is also one of the three letters that can take a vowel at the end of a word, and the vowel it takes is chataf patach.
[edit] Transliteration
In Hebrew transliteration, the letter Ayin may be transliterated <`>. In Greek and Latin it was sometimes represented as <g>, since the biblical phonemes /ʕ/ (or "`") and /ʁ/ (represented by "g") were both represented in Hebrew writing by the letter ayin (see Ġayn). Because of this, we get Gomorrah from the original /ʁamora/ (modern `Amora) and Gaza from the original /ʁazza/ (`Aza), which eventually gave us the English word gauze.
[edit] Significance
In gematria, ayin represents the number 70.
Ayin is also one of the seven letters which receive a special crown (called a tagin) when written in a Sefer Torah. See Shin, Gimmel, Teth, Nun, Zayin, and Tzadi.
[edit] Arabic ʿayn
The Arabic ʿayn is written is several ways depending in its position in the word:
Position
Isolated Initial Medial Final
ع عـ ـعـ ـع
As in Hebrew, the letter originally stood for two sounds, the other being /ʁ/. When pointing was developed, ghayin was distinguished with a dot.
[edit] Pronunciation
ʿAyn is one of the most common letters in Arabic, and one of the most notoriously difficult letters for Western learners to pronounce. One piece of advice for people trying to make the ayin sound is to "sing the lowest possible note, then one lower".
Arabic ayin ranges from a pharyngeal [ʕ] to an epiglottal [ʢ], with the latter being more common.[1] However, this may be imprecise. As in Hebrew, the sound is often not a fricative at all, but either an epiglottal stop [ʡ] or a pharyngealized glottal stop [ʔˤ].
Because the sound is so difficult for most non-Arabs to pronounce, it is often used as a shibboleth by Arabic-speakers; other sounds, such as Ḥa and Ḍād are also used, typically with speakers of other Semitic languages or other dialects of Arabic. (Most Hebrew-speakers should be able to pronounce ʿayn, and Mizrahi Jews and speakers of the Ethiopic languages can typically pronounce Ḥa, but Ḍad appears to be unique to a few dialects of Arabic).
Detta var vad jag fann i Wikipedia.
Förtfarande är jag inte 100%.
Hur skall egentligen Aiyin uttalas?
