Fortsätter med diamanthårda fakta från längdskidor:
Från: Changes in hemoglobin values in elite cross-country skiers from 1987 to 1999
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Volume 10, Issue 2, pages 98–102, April 2000
Citat:
Hemoglobin data have been available from ski teams beginning from 1987, and from 1989 to 1999 we have followed hemoglobin values in elite cross-country skiers in international competitions. The mean values at the 1989 World Nordic Ski Championships were lower than population reference values, as would be expected from plasma volume expansion associated with endurance training. However, an increase, particularly in the maximal values, became obvious in 1994 and rose further in 1996. These extreme values provide both a health risk to the individual athlete and unfair competition. After a rule limiting hemoglobin values was introduced [185 g/dl], the drop of the highest values was remarkable: among men 15 g/l (0.23 mmol/l) and among women 42 g/l (0.65 mmol/l). It would appear that the rule had achieved its goal of limiting extreme hemoglobin values. Yet the mean hemoglobin concentrations in men and women have continued to rise, suggesting the continued use of artificial methods to increase total hemoglobin mass.
Citat:
1995; some skiers had 20 g/100 ml with all medal winners above 17.5 g /100 ml
From 1997 upper allowed limit for men 18.5 g/100 ml
1999 some 30 male skiers between 17.0- 18.7 g/100 ml; medal winners > 17.0 g/100ml
Svenska herrlandslagets Hb-värden fr.o.m 93/94 t.o.m 00/01:
Från: 'Dopning inom uthållighetsidrotter', Läkartidningen 2001;98:5490-6
Citat:
Season, In-season avg, Off-season avg, Peak value
93–94 156,7±7,7 153,6±4,6 172 (inget gränsvärde)
94–95 150,5±9,3 149,5±7,2 166
95–96 152,9±9,2 149,5±9,2 168
96–97 152,2±7,4 149,5±1,2 164 (gränsvärde: 185)
97–98 146,4±3,5 149,2±3,1 161
98–99 150,2±4,0 147,7±2,5 159
99–00 149,3±7,0 154,5±8,1 168
00–01 150,8±6,4 150,7±4,7 161 (gränsvärde: 175)
Från: Abnormal Hematologic Profiles in Elite Cross-Country Skiers - Blood Doping or?
Citat:
RESULTS: Of the skiers tested and finishing within the top 50 places in the competitions, 17% had "highly abnormal" hematologic profiles, 19% had "abnormal" values, and 64% were normal. Fifty percent of medal winners and 33% of those finishing from 4th to 10th place had highly abnormal hematologic profiles. In contrast, only 3% of skiers finishing from 41st to 50th place had highly abnormal values.
Från: 'Dopning inom uthållighetsidrotter', Läkartidningen 2001;98:5490-6
Citat:
Vid skid-VM i Lahtis var medelvärdet, SD, och högsta värdet (inom parentes) för svenska herrar och damer 150,2±4,8 (156) respektive 136,7±1,5 (138) g/l.