Kommentar från BruceM.
Citat:
Marc Möller, Makoto Watanabe (2009) "Advance Purchase Discounts versus Clearance Sales". The Economic Journal. DOI: 0.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02324.x
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The equation in the article is equation 7, it describes the profit that a monopoly will make, depending on the characteristics of its customers and advance sale strategy. There are two types of customers, good customers place a high value on the product and bad customers place a low value on the profit. g is the fraction of consumers who are good, and r describes how much lower bad customers value the product (roughly speaking). The equation describes an advance purchase discount, where the seller sells at a low price for the first period, followed by a second period at the higher price. The first term on the right of the equation is the profit from the first period of sale. The second term on the right of the equation is the profit from the second period of sale, (k-g) is the supply left after the advance sale, (1-g)(1-r) is the demand, the the profit depends on whichever is less (i.e. if the supply is less than the demand, then the seller should have had a shorter or higher price advance sale).
