injicerar man giftiga ämnen i kroppen blir man sjuk, det är inte så konstigt.
Biopersistence and Brain Translocation of Aluminum Adjuvants of Vaccines
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Aluminum oxyhydroxide (alum) is a crystalline compound widely used as an immunological adjuvant of vaccines. Concerns linked to the use of alum particles emerged following recognition of their causative role in the so-called macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) lesion detected in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue/syndrome. MMF revealed an unexpectedly long-lasting biopersistence of alum within immune cells in presumably susceptible individuals,[...]
We previously showed that poorly biodegradable aluminum-coated particles injected into muscle are promptly phagocytosed in muscle and the draining lymph nodes, and can disseminate within phagocytic cells throughout the body and slowly accumulate in brain. This strongly suggests that long-term adjuvant biopersistence within phagocytic cells is a prerequisite for slow brain translocation and delayed neurotoxicity.
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The conceptual link between long-term persistence of alum particles within macrophages at the site of previous immunization, and the occurrence of adverse systemic events, in particular neurological ones, has long remained an unsolved question. Aluminum has long been identified as a neurotoxic metal, affecting memory, cognition and psychomotor control, altering neurotransmission and synaptic activity, damaging the blood–brain barrier (BBB), exerting pro-oxidant effects, activating microglia and neuroinflammation, depressing the cerebral glucose metabolism and mitochondrial functions, interfering with transcriptional activity, and promoting beta-amyloid and neurofilament aggregation. In addition, alum particles impact the immune system through their adjuvant effect and by many other means.
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Symptoms associated with MMF are strikingly similar to those described as the Gulf war syndrome (GWS), a condition strongly associated with the administration of multiple vaccinations to soldiers, especially the anthrax vaccine that contains alum, capable of inducing MMF, and possibly squalene.
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Alum has been used for decades to levels considered as an acceptable compromise between its role of adjuvant and its toxic effects by the industry and the regulatory agencies. However, the MMF story revealed several gaps in the knowledge on alum particles, including their exact mechanisms of action, their fate after injection, their systemic dissemination, and their safety on the long-term. Efforts have been done in the last years to develop novel adjuvants, but attempts to seriously examine safety concerns raised by the bio-persistent character and brain accumulation of alum particles have not been made.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4318414/
Macrophagic myofasciitis and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by aluminium adjuvants
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Aluminium hydroxide is a well-known adjuvant used in vaccines. Although it can enhance an adaptive immune response to a co-administered antigen, it causes adverse effects, including macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF), subcutaneous pseudolymphoma, and drug hypersensitivity.
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Distinctive pathology and ultrastructure suggested an association with aluminium hydroxide-containing vaccines. To avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment, we must further investigate this uncommon condition, and pharmaceutical companies should attempt to formulate better adjuvants that do not cause such adverse effects.
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MMF is an unusual inflammatory myopathy found in patients with arthromyalgia and muscle weakness that develops several months to years after administering aluminium-containing vaccines. However, symptoms immediately developed after vaccination have also been reported[...]
The persistence of aluminium-based vaccine adjuvants significantly contributes to MMF pathogenesis. Pathologically, massive infiltration by aluminium-containing macrophages is the diagnostic hallmark of MMF.
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Other aluminium adjuvant-associated diseases include chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune (autoinflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) and Gulf War syndrome (GWS) developed in soldiers following multiple aluminium-containing vaccinations. Therefore, MMF itself is aluminium hydroxide induced granulomas in the vaccine injected sites, but it is not a local lesion but manifests severe systemic disease.
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The term ‘MMF’ designates the histopathological lesion it-self, but clinically, it is characterised by myalgia, arthralgia, muscle weakness, or profound asthenia, and fever. Furthermore, myalgic encephalomyelitis, cognitive dysfunction, and aluminium neurotoxicity or neuropsychological symptoms, such as demyelinating CNS disorder, have been reported. Hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, seizures, and irritability are common symptoms in children. Autoimmune (autoinflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) and Gulf War syndrome (GWS)-chronic fatigue syndrome, which can develop in soldiers subjected to multiple aluminium-containing vaccinations, are known to be associated with post-vaccinal disseminated encephalomyelitis. Specific histological findings and epidemiological studies suggest that even Alzheimer's disease and autism spectrum disorder may be associated with aluminium-based vaccination, although these assumptions are currently debatable. Couette et al. reported the unexpected death during sleep of a 37-years-old MMF patient, but the cause of death was not defined because an autopsy was rejected.
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MMF lesions in our patients were found in vaccination sites, i.e., the quadriceps; however, these patients presented with a severe systemic illness, such as a delayed motor milestone or muscle weakness, congenital hypotonia, etc. (n = 1) (Table 1), which is consistent with the reported clinical manifestations of MMF patients
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Typical histopathology with ultrastructural features of spiculated inclusions in the macrophages suggested an association with aluminium hydroxide, which is the most commonly used adjuvant in vaccines.
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-68849-8
