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Ursprungligen postat av BlackJewel
....kvinnofridslagen kom till för att man förstod att våld mot kvinnor var mycket mer omfattande än man tidigare trott, komplext så till vida att våldet är både fysiskt o psykiskt, ofta upprepande och ofta helt i det fördolda, sådant dolt våld som blivit anmält kan alltså tas med om det sker upprepade gånger.. samt att slag mycket ofta utdelas utan synliga bevis, upprepas det med fler anmälningar mynnar det till slut ut i åtal : mot denna bakgrund finns också strafflagskärpning.
Helt rätt!
Förr rubricerades som vanlig misshandelm men under nuvarande kvinnofridskränknings dedefinitioner, räknas vartenda slag, vartenda kränkande ord eller kontakt, hot, och dessutom går det inte att ta tillbaka anmälan som förr, en gång dokumenterat så finns den där om det skulle ske igen och då ökar så klart strafftiden för den som slår.
En man som slår sin partner/väninna/flickvän kan nu få 6 år och då räknar man alltså bakåt på de föregående slagen (även de utan synliga bevis + psykande/förnedrande + sabotage + ärekränkning.. ) plus att åtalsprocessen polisutredningen och domen, går lite snabbare.
Dessutom är lagen PRIORITERAD, när larm sker så är det blixtaktion, ska vara..
Citat:
Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Ridder, E. M. (2005). Partner violence and mental health outcomes in a New Zealand birth cohort. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 1103-1119. (Examined extent of domestic violence experience and perpetration in a sample of 828 <437 women, 391 men> young adults who were 25 years old. Subjects were part of a long term longitudinal study and were administered the CTS2. Results reveal that "there were more men exposed to severe domestic violence than women" and that mild and moderate rates were similar for men and women. Overall, 39.4% of women and 30.9% of men reported perpetration scores of 3 or higher. Authors report that men and women reported similar rates of injury <3.9% for women vs. 3.3% for men>. In terms of initiation of partner assaults,
34% of women and 12% of men reported initiating physical assaults.)
New Zealand 2005 25-åringar
http://www.csulb.edu/~mfiebert/assault.htm
http://www.csulb.edu/
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Kvinnor lika våldsbenägna som män i parförhållanden
Unik internationell studie: Dubbelt så många svenska kvinnor som män uppger att de slog först. Kvinnor använder våld mot sin partner i samma omfattning som männen.
Det visar en unik internationell studie i 30 länder. 900 svenska studenter svarade på 300 närgångna frågor om våld som de själva upplevt. I samtliga fall, från knuffar och förolämpningar till ringa eller allvarlig misshandel, påstår lika många kvinnor som män att de utsatt sin parter för sådant beteende.
10 procent av kvinnorna och 4 procent av männen uppger dessutom att de slog först.
Peter Gill
Professor i pedagogik
Carita Remahl
Fil. magister i pedagogik.
Publicerades 27 januari 2005
www.dn.se
Källa:
http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.j...usRenderType=2
http://www.yakida.se/dn.html
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This bibliography examines 282 scholarly investigations: 218 empirical studies and 64 reviews and/or analyses, which demonstrate that
women are as physically aggressive, or more aggressive, than men in their relationships with their spouses or male partners.
The aggregate sample size in the reviewed studies exceeds 369,800.
Anderson, K. L. (2002). Perpetrator or victim? Relationships between intimate partner violence and well-being. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 851-863. (Data consisted of 7,395 married and cohabiting heterosexual couples drawn from wave 1 of the National Survey of Families and Households <NSFH-1>. In terms of measures: subjects were asked "how many arguments during the past year resulted in 'you hitting, shoving or throwing things at a partner.' They were also asked how many arguments ended with their partner, 'hitting, shoving or throwing things at you.'" Author reports that, "
victimization rates are slightly higher among men than women <9% vs 7%> and in cases that involve perpetration by only one partner,
more women than men were identified as perpetrators <2% vs 1%>.")
USA gifta par
Arias, I., Samios, M., & O'Leary, K. D. (1987). Prevalence and correlates of physical aggression during courtship. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2, 82-90. (Used Conflict Tactics Scale with a sample of 270 undergraduates <95 men, 175 women> and found 30% of men and 49% of women reported using some form of aggression in their dating histories with a
greater percentage of women engaging in severe physical aggression.)
Universitetstuderande Canada
Bernard, M. L., & Bernard, J. L. (1983). Violent intimacy: The family as a model for love relationships. Family Relations, 32, 283-286. (Surveyed 461 college students, 168 men, 293 women, with regard to dating violence. Found that
15% of the men admitted to physically abusing their partners, while
21% of women admitted to physically abusing their partners.)
Universitetstuderande USA
Moxon, S. (2011). Beyond staged retreat behind virtual 'gender paradigm' barricades: the rise and fall of the misrepresentation of partner-violence, and its eclipse by an understanding of mate-guarding. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3, 45-56. Suggests that gender-symmetries in intimate partner violence can best be understood from an evolutionary psychological perspective. In particular, "
the greater need for women than for men to maintain the integrity of the pair bond" is offered as an explanation to account for the finding that
women are as physically aggressive or more aggressive as men in their relationship with spouses or male partners.)
England 2011 Vuxna
Munoz-Rivas, M. J., Grana, J. L., O'Leary, K. D., & Gonzalez, M. P. (2007). Aggression in adolescent dating relationships: prevalence, justification, and health consequences. Journal of Adolescent Health, 40, 298-304. (A sample of 2416 high school students <1416 women, 1000 men> from 20 different schools in Madrid, Spain completed a modified CTS. Results reveal that significantly more women, 41.9% compared to 31.7% of men, admitted to perpetrating some form of physical aggression toward their dating partners.
Women were significantly more likely to hit or kick <13.4% vs 5.3%>, slap <12.4% vs 3.1%> and shove or grab <22.5% vs 11.9%> than men.)
Spanien 2007 Tonåringar
Magdol, L., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Fagan, J., Newman, D. L., & Silva, P. A. (1997). Gender differences in partner violence in a birth cohort of 21 year Olds: bridging the gap between clinical and epidemiological approaches. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 68-78. (Used CTS with a sample of 861 21 year Olds <436 men, 425 women> in New Zealand. Physical violence perpetration was reported during the previous 12 months by 37.2% of women and 21.8% of men, with
severe violence perpetration by women at 18.6% and men at 5.7%.)
Nya Zealand 1997 21-åringar
Stets, J. E. & Henderson, D. A. (1991). Contextual factors surrounding conflict resolution while dating: results from a national study. Family Relations, 40, 29-40. (Drawn from a random national telephone survey, daters <n=277; men=149, women=128> between the ages of 18 and 30, who were single, never married and in a relationship during the past year which lasted at least two months with at least six dates were examined with the Conflict Tactics Scale. Findings reveal that over 30% of subjects used physical aggression in their relationships, with 22% of the men and 40% of the women reported using some form of physical aggression.
Women were "6 times more likely than men to use severe aggression <19.2% vs. 3.4%>...Men were twice as likely as women to report receiving severe aggression <15.7% vs. 8%>." Also found that younger subjects and those of lower socioeconomic status <SES> were more likely to use physical aggression.)
18-30åringar 1991
Felson, R. B., & Outlaw, M. (2007). The control motive and marital violence. Violence and Victims, 22, 387-407. (Study based on an analysis of data obtained through the National Violence Against Women Survey <see Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000>. Authors looked at 10,000 respondents out of 16,000 total sample who were currently married. Results reveal that adult
women are just as controlling and jealous toward their male partners as the other way around. Also report that, "While controlling spouses in current marriages are more likely to act violently there is no evidence that this relationship is gendered.")
Gifta vuxna 2007
Russell, R. J. H., & Hulson, B. (1992). Physical and psychological abuse of heterosexual partners. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 457-473. (In a pilot study in Great Britain 46 couples responded to the Conflict Tactics Scale. Results reveal that
husband to wife violence was: Overall violence= 25% and
severe violence= 5.8%; while
wife to husband violence was: Overall violence= 25% and
severe violence=11.3%.)
Gifta vuxna Great Britain 1992
Brinkerhoff, M., & Lupri, E. (1988). Interspousal violence. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 13, 407-434. (Examined Interspousal violence in a representative sample of 562 couples in Calgary, Canada. Used Conflict Tactics Scale and
found twice as much wife-to-husband as husband-to-wife severe violence <10.7% vs 4.8%>. The overall violence rate for husbands was 10.3% while the overall violence rate for wives was 13.2%. Violence was significantly higher in younger and childless couples. Results suggest that male violence decreased with higher educational attainment, while female violence increased.)
Gifta vuxna Canada 1988
http://www.csulb.edu/~mfiebert/assault.htm
http://www.csulb.edu/
här är en annan variant för dig Charley grabben, istället för simpel texbehandling
